D'Angelo

 Michael Eugene Archer [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] (born February 11, 1974), better known by his stage name  D'Angelo  (pronounced dee-Angelo), is an AmericanR&B and neo soul singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer. Born in Richmond, Virginia, the son of a Pentecostal minister. He began teaching himself piano as a very young child, and at age 18 he won the amateur talent competition at Harlem's Apollo Theater three weeks in a row. After briefly being a member of a hip-hop group called I.D.U., his first major success came in 1994 as the co-writer and co-producer of "U Will Know".

His debut solo album, Brown Sugar, released in July 1995, which received rave reviews and sold over two million copies. Along with artists like Erykah Badu, Lauryn Hill, Maxwell, and collaborator Angie Stone, D'Angelo became part of a the neo-soul movement. Following this D'Angelo embarked on a hiatus before releasing Voodoo in January 2000 which debuted at number one, its lead single "Untitled (How Does It Feel)," was a smash on the R&B charts and won a Grammy for Best Male R&B Vocal; likewise, Voodoo won for Best R&B Album.

Following the release of Untitled (How Does It Feel) and its controversial music video, D'Angelo became more conscious of and uncomfortable with his status of being a sex symbol, this was followed by numerous personal struggles including alcoholism which would lead to a fourteen year hiatus. D'Angelo released his third studio album, Black Messiah in December 2014, which was originally set for release in 2015, the album was met with critical acclaim and fared well on charts peaking at number five on the US Billboard 200.

Early life
D'Angelo was born Michael Eugene Archer, in Richmond, Virginia on February 11, 1974, to a Pentecostal preacher father. He was raised in an entirely Pentecostal family.[ 4 ] Archer's musical talents were discovered very early on. At 3, he was spotted by his 10-year-old brother Luther, playing the house piano.[ 5 ] Following the formation of his native-Richmond, Virginia musical group, Michael Archer and Precise, and its success on the Amateur Night competition at Harlem, New York's Apollo Theater in 1991, 18-year-old singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Michael D'Angelo Archer dropped out of school and moved to New York City,[ 6 ] as an attempt to develop his music career.[ 7 ] The group previously enjoyed some notice in Richmond, evenly dividing their repertoire between soul covers and originals, while D'Angelo accumulated compositions of his own and developed his songwriting skills.[ 6 ] The group's turnout on Amateur Night resulted in three consecutive wins and cash prize,[ 8 ] after which, upon returning home to Richmond, D'Angelo was inspired to produce an album and began composing material,[ 9 ]after a brief tenure as a member of the hip hop group I.D.U. (Intelligent, Deadly but Unique).[ 10 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="1991.E2.80.931995:_Brown_Sugar" style="box-sizing:border-box;">1991–1995: Brown Sugar
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">D'Angelo signed a publishing deal with EMI Music in 1991 after catching the attention of record executives through a demo tape, which was originally by the group.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Huey_11-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 11 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Much_12-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 12 ] After an impressive audition for EMI execs, a three-hour impromptu piano recital,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Samuels_8-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 8 ] D'Angelo was signed to a recording contract in 1993.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cbb_6-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 6 ] A&R-man Gary Harris was primarily responsible for his signing,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] while manager Kedar Massenburg helped negotiate the contract as well.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-kedar_14-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 14 ] Massenburg became D'Angelo's manager after hearing of him through "the buzz on the streets".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-kedar_14-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 14 ] He had previously managed hip hop group Stetsasonic and formed the artist management-firm Kedar Entertainment in 1991, which he diversified into production, music publishing and publicity.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-kedar_14-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 14 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In 1994, his first significant success came in the form of the hit single "U Will Know".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Huey_11-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 11 ] D'Angelo co-wrote and co-produced the song for the all-male R&B supergroup Black Men United, which featured R&B singers such as Brian McKnight, Usher, R. Kelly, Boyz II Men, Raphael Saadiq and Gerald Levert.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-PRWeb_15-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 15 ] D'Angelo composed the music for "U Will Know", while his brother, Luther Archer, wrote the lyrics.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cm_16-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 16 ] Originally featured on the soundtrack to the film Jason's Lyric (1994), the single peaked at number 5 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and at number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-jason_17-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 17 ] The music video for "U Will Know" featured D'Angelo as the group's choir director; he reprised the role for the live performance of the song at the Soul Train Music Awards.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-PRWeb_15-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 15 ] That same year, he wrote and produced the song "Overjoyed" for the Boys Choir of Harlem,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Farley_18-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 18 ] which appeared on their studio album The Sound of Hope (1994).<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-hope_19-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 19 ] The success of "U Will Know" helped build the buzz surrounding D'Angelo, which was followed by a number of highly promoted showcases, and added to the buzz among music industry insiders.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-PRWeb_15-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 15 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Brown Sugar was released in June 1995. Although sales were sluggish at first, the album was eventually a hit. The album debuted at number six on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart in the week of July 22, 1995.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 20 ] It ultimately peaked at number four in the week of February 24, 1996,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 21 ] and spent a total of 54 weeks on the chart.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-R.26B_22-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 22 ] Brown Sugar also spent 65 weeks on theBillboard 200 and peaked at number 22 on the chart.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-bb200_23-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 23 ] It sold 300,000 copies within its two months of release.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-24" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 24 ] The album had been selling 35,000 to 40,000 copies a week through to November 1995,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ayers_25-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 25 ] and by January 1996, it had sold 400,000 copies.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 26 ] With the help of its four singles, including the gold-selling Hot 100 hit "Lady" and R&B top-ten singles "Brown Sugar" and "Cruisin'",<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-27" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 27 ] the album reached sales of 500,000 copies in the United States by October 1995.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ayers_25-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 25 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-RIAA_28-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 28 ] On February 7, 1996, it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, following shipments in excess of one million copies in the U.S.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-RIAA_28-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 28 ] The album was certified gold in Canada on May 9, 2000.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-CRIA_29-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 29 ] Its total sales have been estimated within the range of 1.5 million to over two million copies.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Huey_11-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 11 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Wells_30-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 30 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 31 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-32" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 32 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 33 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-34" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 34 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="1996.E2.80.932000:_Sabbatical_period_and_Voodoo" style="box-sizing:border-box;">1996–2000: Sabbatical period and Voodoo
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Following the success of his debut album Brown Sugar (1995), D'Angelo went into a four and a half year absence from the music scene and releasing solo work.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-signed_35-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 35 ] After spending two years ontour promoting Brown Sugar, D'Angelo found himself stuck with writer's block.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-EW_36-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 36 ] On the setback, D'Angelo later stated "The thing about writer's block is that you want to write so f---king bad, [but] the songs don't come out that way. They come from life. So you've got to live to write."<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-EW_36-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 36 ] During his sabbatical period, he generally released cover versions and remakes, including a cover-collaboration with Erykah Badu of the Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell duet song "Your Precious Love" for the soundtrack to High School High (1996).<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-signed_35-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 35 ] D'Angelo also covered Prince's "She's Always in My Hair" for the Scream 2 soundtrack (1997), as well as the Ohio Players' "Heaven Must Be Like This" for the Down in the Delta soundtrack (1998). He also appeared on a duet, "Nothing Even Matters", with Lauryn Hill for her debut solo album The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill (1998).<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-signed_35-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 35 ] He also spent the time lifting weights, smoking weed, and making music.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Farley_18-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 18 ] <p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">The much-delayed follow-up to Brown Sugar, Voodoo, was finally released in 2000 on Virgin Records after the EMI Records Group was absorbed by the former label. Voodoo received rave reviews from contemporary music critics.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Evanoff_37-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 37 ] who dubbed it a "masterpiece" and D'Angelo's greatest work.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-jet_38-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 38 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-McPherson_39-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 39 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-40" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 40 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-citypages_41-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 41 ] The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-albumchart_42-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 42 ] selling 320,000 copies in its first week.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Century_43-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 43 ] It entered the Billboard 200 on February 12, 2000 and remained on the chart for 33 consecutive weeks.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-44" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 44 ] As of 2005, the album has sold over 1.7 million copies in the US, according to Nielsen SoundScan.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Nielsen_45-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 45 ] In 2001, Voodoo won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Albumat the 43rd Grammy Awards, which was awarded to D'Angelo and recording engineer Russell Elevado.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-46" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 46 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Its first two singles, "Devil's Pie" and "Left & Right", peaked at number 69 and number 70 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-dchart_47-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 47 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-lchart_48-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 48 ] The latter was commercially aimed at R&B and hip hop-oriented radio stations due to the prominence of rappers Redman and Method Man on the track.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-49" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 49 ] According Rich Ford, Jr., producer of the "Left & Right" music video, both the single and the video went commercially unnoticed due to MTV's refusal to place the song's video in rotation, serving as punishment for missing the deadline for its initial premiere. The fifth single "Feel Like Makin' Love" was less successful, reaching number 109 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-fchart_50-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 50 ] "Send It On", the album's fourth single, achieved moderate chart success, peaking at number 33 on Billboard‍ '​s Pop Singles chart.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-schart_51-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 51 ] The album's third single, "Untitled (How Does It Feel)", became its greatest chart success, peaking at number 25 on the Hot 100 Singles and at number two on the R&B Singles chart.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-uchart_52-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 52 ] The infamous music video for "Untitled (How Does It Feel)" helped in boosting the song's appeal, as well as D'Angelo's. Billboard wrote of video, "it's pure sexuality. D'Angelo, muscularly cut and glistening, is shot from the hips up, naked, with just enough shown to prompt a slow burning desire in most any woman who sees it. The video alone could make the song one of the biggest of the coming year".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-billboardvideo_53-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 53 ] It earned three nominations for the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, including Video of the Year, Best R&B Video, and Best Male Video.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-54" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 54 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="2001.E2.80.932013:_Second_sabbatical.2C_struggles_and_delayed_album" style="box-sizing:border-box;">2001–2013: Second sabbatical, struggles and delayed album
D'Angelo along with the Soulquarians. After the release of Voodoo plans for a live album and a Soultronics studio effort, were scrapped, and impatient Virgin executives cut off funding.<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Towards the end of his worldwide tour in support of the album that same year, D'Angelo had personal issues towards performing that worsened.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-55" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 55 ] He became more conscious of and uncomfortable with his status as something of a sex symbol, and after the tour D'Angelo returned to his home in Richmond, Virginia, disappearing from the public eye.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] Several of D'Angelo's peers and affiliates have noted the commercial impact of the "Untitled (How Does It Feel)" music video and The Voodoo Tour as contributing factors to D'Angelo's period of absence from the music scene.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-56" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 56 ] His former music manager, Dominique Trenier, explained his disappointment of the music video's impact in a 2008 interview for Spin magazine. Trenier was quoted as saying that "to this day, in the general populace's memory, he's the naked dude".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-3" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">According to tour manager Alan Leeds, the experience "took away his confidence, because he's not convinced why any given fan is supporting him."<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-4" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] Following the suicide of his close friend, MTV-affiliate Fred Jordan, in April 2001, he started to develop a drinking problem.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-5" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] As his alcoholism escalated, plans for a live album and a Soultronics studio effort, both originally set for after the tour, were scrapped, and impatient Virgin executives cut off funding for the expected 2004 solo album.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-6" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">By 2005, D'Angelo's girlfriend had left him, his legal attorney had become displeased with him, and most of his family was not in touch with him.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-7" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] He also parted ways with manager Dominique Trenier and tour manager Alan Leeds.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-8" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] After a car accident and an arrest on DUI and marijuana possession charges, D'Angelo left Virgin Records in 2005 and checked into the Crossroads Centre rehabilitation clinic in Antigua.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-9" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] In 2005, his recording contract was acquired by J Records,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-57" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 57 ] following rumors of D'Angelo signing to Bad Boy Records.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-signed_35-3" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 35 ]Despite no solo output, D'Angelo collaborated with some R&B and hip hop artists during his period between albums,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-10" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] appearing on other albums such as J Dilla's The Shining (2006), Snoop Dogg's Tha Blue Carpet Treatment (2006), Common's Finding Forever (2007), and Q-Tip's The Renaissance (2008).<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-58" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 58 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">D'Angelo's subsequent solo work was extensively delayed.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-11" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] Production for a full-length follow-up to Voodoo was stagnant, as he was working on and off mostly by himself during 2002.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-qt_59-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 59 ]D'Angelo attempted to play every instrument for the project, striving for complete creative control similar to that of Prince.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-12" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] Russell Elevado described the resulting material as "Parliament/Funkadelic meets the Beatles meets Prince, and the whole time there's this Jimi Hendrix energy".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-13" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] However, those who previewed its songs found it to be unfinished.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-14" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] In the years that followed, D'Angelo's personal problems worsened, descending to drug and alcohol addiction. In January 2005 he was arrested and charged with possession of marijuana andcocaine. Various mugshots began circulating around the time, showing the singer looking overweight and unhealthy, in stark contrast to the muscular D'Angelo seen in promotion forVoodoo.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-tinypic1_60-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 60 ] In September 2005, a week after being sentenced on the drug charges, he was involved in a car accident, and was rumoured to be critically injured. However, a week after the crash a statement was issued by D'Angelo's attorney stating that he was fine continuing to say "He is anxious to finish the recording of his soul masterpiece that the world has patiently awaited.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-harris2005_61-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 61 ]

D'Angelo performing at Brixton Academy in London, 2012.<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">No more was revealed on the new album until 2007, when Questlove leaked an unfinished track on Triple J Radio in Australia. Entitled "Really Love", the track was an acoustic flavored jam with a laid back swing feel. The leak apparently soured relations between the two.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-62" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 62 ]D'Angelo released a CD/DVD compilation album entitled The Best So Far…,, first released on June 24, 2008 on Virgin Records. The compilation features songs from his two previous studio albums, Brown Sugar and Voodoo, as well as rarities and a second disc, a DVD of previously unreleased videos. Around the same time, the compilation was released digitally without the Erykah Badu and Raphael Saddiq featured songs, under the title Ultimate D'Angelo.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-63" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 63 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In late November 2011, D'Angelo announced a series of 2012 European tour dates.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-64" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 64 ] The tour kicked off January 26 in Stockholm, Sweden<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-65" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 65 ] with its final show on February 10.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-66" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 66 ] The tour featured a selection of hits from his two previous albums and songs from his upcoming album, which was close to completion.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-67" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 67 ] He premièred 4 new songs: "Sugah Daddy", "Ain't That Easy", "Another Life" and "The Charade" which were well received. On September 1, 2012, D'Angelo performed at Jay-Z's Made In America festival where he again performed the new songs, "The Charade" and "Sugah Daddy". On October 7, RCA Music Group announced that it was disbanding J Records, Arista Records, and Jive Records. With the shutdown, D'Angelo (and all other artists previously signed to those labels) would release his future material on RCA Records.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-68" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 68 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-69" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 69 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="2014.E2.80.93present:_Black_Messiah" style="box-sizing:border-box;">2014–present: Black Messiah
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">D'Angelo released his third studio album, Black Messiah in December 2014, D'Angelo originally wanted to release Black Messiah in 2015, but the controversial decisions in the Ferguson andEric Garner cases inspired him to release it earlier.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-70" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 70 ] On December 12, 2014, Kevin Liles, D'Angelo's manager, shared a 15-second teaser of the album on YouTube.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-71" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 71 ] Two days later, the track "Sugah Daddy", which had been part of D'Angelo's set list since 2012,<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-72" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 72 ] premiered at 3am EST and 1,000 downloads were available on Red Bull's 20 Before 15 website.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-73" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 73 ] After an exclusive listening party in New York, Black Messiah was released digitally on December 15 through iTunes, Google Play Music, and Spotify.<span class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;white-space:nowrap;">[''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wikipedia:Citation_needed <span data-title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2015)" style="box-sizing:border-box;">citation needed ]'']  The album's unexpected release was compared to Beyoncé's self-titled release in 2013.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-74" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 74 ] On January 13, 2015, "Really Love" was released to urban adult contemporary radio in the US.

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">The album was met with universal acclaim from critics and it currently has a 95/100 mean score on review aggregator Metacritic.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-75" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 75 ] In its first week of release, Black Messiah debuted at number five on the Billboard 200 and sold 117,000 copies in the United States.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-76" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 76 ] In its second week, the album dropped to number twenty five on the chart and sold another 40,254 copies.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-77" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 77 ] In the United Kingdom, it debuted at number 47 on the UK Albums Chart with first-week sales of 7,423 copies.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-78" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 78 ] D'Angelo is supporting Black Messiah with a tour called The Second Coming. His band, The Vanguard, includes drummer Chris Dave, bassist Pino Palladino, guitarists Jesse Johnson and Isaiah Sharkey, vocalist Kendra Foster and keyboardist Cleo "Pookie" Sample. The European leg commenced in Zurich on February 11, 2015, and concluded in Brussels on March 7.

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In June 2015, D'Angelo confirmed to Rolling Stone that he was working on more material for a new album, calling it "a companion piece" to Black Messiah.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-79" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 79 ]

Artistry
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In a 1995 interview, he discussed the influence that musician Prince had on his approach to recording his debut album, stating "I was one of those guys who read the album credits and I realized that Prince was a true artist. He wrote, produced, and performed, and that's the way I wanted to do it."<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-cm_16-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 16 ] According to D'Angelo, the hip hop influence present on the album "came from the Native Tongues movement - Tribe Called Quest, Gangstar and Main Source."<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Farber_80-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 80 ] In a February 1999 interview with music journalist Touré, D'Angelo discussed his original inspirations to produce music, stating "The sound and feel of my music are going to be affected by what motivates me to do it".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-allears_81-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 81 ] On his visit to South Carolina, D'Angelo stated that he "went through this runnel, through gospel, blues, and a lot of old soul, old James Brown, early, early Sly and the Family Stone, and a lot of Jimi Hendrix", and "I learned a lot about music, myself, and where I want to go musically".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-allears_81-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 81 ] In the same interview, he cited the deaths of rappers Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. as having a great effect on him during the period.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-allears_81-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 81 ] During the production of his second studio album D'Angelo recorded numerous hours of unreleased, original material, as well as covers of his influencers' material.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Tour.C3.A9_9-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 9 ] Collectively referred to by D'Angelo as "yoda",<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Believer_82-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 82 ] these influencers included soul artist Al Green, funk artist George Clinton, and Afrobeat artist Fela Kuti.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Tour.C3.A9_9-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 9 ]

Legacy
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Since its initial reception, his debut album's sound has been dubbed as "neo soul".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-shapiro3_83-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 83 ] D'Angelo's commercial breakthrough with Brown Sugar has been credited by writers and music critics for providing commercial visibility to the emerging neo soul movement of the mid-1990s, as well as inspiration behind the coinage of the term neo soul.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-shapiro3_83-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 83 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Kot_84-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 84 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Mitchell_85-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 85 ] The term was originally coined by Kedar Massenburg to market D'Angelo's music, as well as work by Erykah Badu, Lauryn Hill, and Maxwell.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-shapiro3_83-2" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 83 ] In a 1996 article for the Chicago Tribune, critic Greg Kot cited Brown Sugar as "arguably where the current soul revival started".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Kot_84-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 84 ] USA Today‍ '​s Steve Jones wrote that the album "paved the way for innovative albums by Maxwell, Tony Rich and Eric Benet".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-86" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 86 ] Yahoo! Music's Jeff Watson wrote that the album "single-handedly revitalized the creatively-dormant R&B scene".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Watson_87-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 87 ] Robert Christgau has dubbed it a "modern wellspring" for neo soul.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Christgau_88-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 88 ] Mojoranked it number 97 on its "100 Modern Classics" list, and Rolling Stone included Brown Sugar on its list of "Essential Recordings of the 90's".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Muze_89-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 89 ] <p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">Music writers have credited the breakthroughs of D'Angelo's Brown Sugar (1995), Erykah Badu's Baduizm (1997), Maxwell's Urban Hang Suite (1996), and Lauryn Hill's The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill (1998) with shaping and raising the neo soul movement to commercial visibility into the late 1990s.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Huey_11-3" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 11 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Nelson_90-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 90 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Harvilla_91-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 91 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ross_92-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 92 ]<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-genre_93-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 93 ] According to Farley, D'Angelo's album "gives a nod to the past, [...] mints his own sound, with golden humming keyboards and sensual vocals and unhurried melodies [...] His songs were polished without being slick and smart without being pretentious", while Badu "brought an iconoclastic spirit to soul music, with her towering Afrocentric headwraps, incense candles, and quirky lyrics".<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Farley2_94-0" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 94 ]

<span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life" style="box-sizing:border-box;">Personal life
<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In the 1990s, he dated soul singer Angie Stone and helped produce her debut album Black Diamond in 1999. They have a son, also named Michael, born in 1998. Following the suicide of his close friend, MTV-affiliate Fred Jordan, in April 2001, he started to develop a drinking problem.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-15" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] By 2005, D'Angelo's girlfriend had left him, his attorney had become displeased with him, and most of his family was not in touch with him.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-16" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] He also parted ways with manager Dominique Trenier and tour manager Alan Leeds.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-17" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ] After a car accident and an arrest on DUI and marijuana possession charges, D'Angelo left Virgin Records in 2005 and checked into the Crossroads Centre rehabilitation clinic in Antigua.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peisner_13-18" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 13 ]

<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:15px;">In the years that followed, D'Angelo's personal problems worsened, descending to drug and alcohol addiction. In January 2005 he was arrested and charged with possession of marijuanaand cocaine. Various mugshots began circulating around the time, showing the singer looking overweight and unhealthy, in stark contrast to the muscular D'Angelo seen in promotion forVoodoo.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-tinypic1_60-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 60 ] In September 2005, a week after being sentenced on the drug charges, he was involved in a car accident, and was rumoured to be critically injured. However, a week after the crash a statement was issued by D'Angelo's attorney stating that he was fine.<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-harris2005_61-1" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-size:0.53em;line-height:0;position:relative;top:-0.5em;">[ 61 ]

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Brown Sugar (1995)
 * Voodoo (2000)
 * Black Messiah (with The Vanguard) (2014)

Tours

 * Brown Sugah Tour (1996)
 * The Voodoo World Tour (2000)
 * Occupy Music Tour (2012)
 * The Liberation Tour (2012)
 * The Second Coming Tour (2015)